New TOEIC新多益10大情境單字（附練習題庫、MP3光碟）

陳英輝（亞洲大學語文教學研究發展中心主任）

為什麼強調學習單字要從情境入手？德國法蘭克福學派當代著名的社會學家／哲學家哈伯瑪斯（Jürgen Habermas）在其名著《後形而上學思考》（Postmetaphysical Thinking, 1988） 提出「情境理性」（situated rationality）的概念，認為人類的理性植基於具體的生活情境，並隨著情境的變化而改變；每一種情境都是人類在某一特定的時空點，所發生的認知過程與生活體驗。與哈伯瑪斯理論相呼應的，是由加州大學柏克萊分校 Jean Lave 教授及獨立研究者 Etienne Wenger 提出的「情境學習」（situated learning），強調學習者應該在實際要應用某種知識或技能的情境下學習，例如烹飪就應該在廚房內進行，游泳就應該在泳池練習。語言學習也不例外，如果要學生背誦許多一輩子用不到的字彙，即使考試答得出來，測驗完後可能就全部還給老師了，因為脫離生活情境的字彙學習，費時費力且成效不彰，若能將字彙與實際運作的情境相連結，字彙不但容易記憶，更能達到「學用合一」的目標。
美國 ETS 的「多益測驗」（TOEIC—Test of English for International Communication）係根據上述的學習理論而研發的測驗，內容取材自國際職場的真實情境，包括商業文件、會議內容、電子郵件、簡報、廣告等，呈現的字彙都是目前最實用的職場字彙。透過本書耙梳整理出來的多益十大職場情境，讓讀者能夠快速學會運用這些字彙，有效提升自己的英文實力以及職場的競爭力。
我在亞洲大學任教，常指導學生，面對此類工具書，不用照著傳統從第一頁背到最後一頁，從 A 背到 Z 的方式，只要每次設定一個情境來學習，將自己融入該情境之中，隨著字詞的解釋、例句、MP3錄音，熟悉單字的發音、用法，最好自己也依樣造例句，學習如何應用單字。在每一情境單元結束後，利用練習題庫的測驗，檢視自己的學習成效，每個情境依據字彙量的大小，包含 3~5 回測驗，從第 I 大項的字義辨別，延伸到第 II、III大項的字詞應用，每個主要職場情境最後並附一篇 Review–情境式文章閱讀測題，可謂是該情境的總複習，落實在情境中活用字彙的目標。
多益測驗中的聽力部分，一般包含不同國家的英語口音，本書也錄製了美式及英式英語發音的單字和例句，讓讀者在準備測驗同時熟悉不同的口音，幫助在考試的場合更能得心應手、掌握高分。
本書最終的目的是希望讀者把書本的單字內化成自己的字彙量，進而靈活使用這些單字，如果沒有實地操作這些單字，字詞是很難深刻烙印在腦海裡，在必要的時候使用出來，這也是我們強調要實地演練而設計「練習題庫」的用意。期盼讀者除了準備測驗之外，更能藉由測驗來檢視自己的學習成效，勉勵自己不斷地進步。

內文選摘（節錄）
Unit 1 Personnel and Organization
Application for Work
accomplishment
ac • com • plish • ment　n.（ pl. accomplishments） 完成；實現；成就　
 School reform was one of the principal’s greatest accomplishments.
 To win the election was quite an accomplishment.
acquire
ac • quire　v. 學得；獲得
 I have acquired a good knowledge of Spanish.
 She has acquired a reputation for honesty.
ambitious
am • bi • tious　adj. 野心勃勃的；有雄心大志的　opp. unambitious
 She was very ambitious for her children.
 Their company only hires ambitious people.
application
ap • pli • ca • tion　n.（ pl. applications） 適用；應用；使用；申請
 Please have your application filled out by Tuesday.
 His application as regional manager has not been accepted.
background
back • ground　n.（ pl. backgrounds） 背景；後景　
opp. foreground
 Jasmine did a background check on the new recruit.
 The job would suit someone who has a teaching background.
capable
ca • pa • ble　adj. 有能力的；能幹的　opp. incapable
 She is a very capable administrator.
 Gerry is capable of performing many jobs at the same time.
career
ca • reer　n.（ pl. careers） 職業；生涯
 I love my teaching career.
 He has been focused on his career for ten years.
certificate
cer • tif • i • cate　n.（ pl. certificates） 證明書；執照；結業證書
 They spelled my name wrong on our marriage certificate.
 Everyone who wants to enter the country must show a health certificate.
challenge
chal • lenge　n.（ pl. challenges） 挑戰；質疑　v. 挑戰；質問
 Juggling a family with a career is one of life’s great challenges.
 No one is going to challenge him for the presidency.
competent
com • pe • tent　adj. 能幹的；能勝任的；稱職的　opp. incompetent
 He proved to be a very competent manager.
 New students are expected to be competent in mathematics.
efficient
ef • fi • cient　adj. 效率高的；有能力的；能勝任的　opp. inefficient
 If our operations were a little more efficient, we would save a lot more money.
 He is an efficient manager who gets the job done on time and under budget.
expertise
ex • per • tise　n. 專業；專門知識或技術
 Her expertise will be invaluable in understanding this technology.
 You live and die by your expertise, not your day job.
portfolio
port • fo • li • o　n.（ pl. portfolios） 經歷；卷宗；部長、閣員的職位
 You’ll need to prepare a portfolio of your work before your interview.
 She resigned her portfolio.
reference
ref • er • ence　n.（ pl. references） 提及；涉及；推薦
in reference to prep. ph. 關於
 I am writing to you in reference to the job opening in your department.
 Your application package must include two reference letters from past employers.

Personnel Management
applicable
ap • pli • ca • ble　adj. 適用的；可應用的；適合的　
 The school’s law is applicable to every student.
 The offer is applicable only to tourists who come to our hotel on weekends.
benefit
ben • e • fit　n.（ pl. benefits） 利益；好處　v. 受惠；受益
 It will be to our mutual benefit to carry out the plan.
 I benefit a lot from that class.
bonus
bo • nus　n.（ pl. bonuses） 津貼；獎金；分紅
 The Christmas bonus will be paid at the end of December.
 If you don’t meet our objective, you will not get a bonus.
candidate
can • di • date　n.（ pl. candidates） 候選人；應徵者
 How many candidates applied for the new position?
 The successful candidate will be fluent in English and Spanish.
compensate
com • pen • sate　v. 補償；賠償；酬報
 His intelligence compensates for his lack of experience.
 The firm will compensate workers for their loss of earnings.
compensation
com • pen • sa • tion　n.（ pl. compensations） 補償；賠償；報酬
 He received some compensation for damages.
 The jury awarded Tyler $1.7 million in compensation.
consider
con • si • der　v. 考慮；認為
 The boss says she’s still considering my request for a raise.
 There are more things than just money when considering changing jobs.
probation
pro • ba • tion　n. 試用；見習
 Many employers will put you on a one month probation, to see if you fit in.
 He pleaded guilty to using the company credit card, and was placed on probation.
promote
pro • mote　v. 晉升；升級；促進；促銷　opp. demote
 Helen was promoted to senior manager.
 Our boss organized a barbeque to promote better staff relations.
recruit
re • cruit　v. 僱用；聘用；招募　n.（ pl. recruits） 新手
 I’ve recruited three of my friends.
 A majority of the recruits came from this neighborhood.
recruiter
re • cruit • er　n.（ pl. recruiters） 招聘人員
 Recruiter Hedrick & Struggles enticed him away from RJR, where he was the CEO.
 A recruiter might ask how you handle difficult customers.
reject
re • ject　v. 拒絕；去除；丟棄
 Missy’s job application was rejected.
 If inspectors find a defective can, the entire batch is rejected.

3. Positions and Duties
administrator
ad • min • is • tra • tor　n.（ pl. administrators） 管理者；行政
官員；行政人員
 She worked for 30 years as an administrator for Taiwan Bank.
 He is known as a bad manager and an inefficient administrator.
assistant
as • sis • tant　n.（ pl. assistants） 助手；助理　adj. 輔助的；助理的
 I’ll ask my assistant to help you immediately.
 He put in an application for a new assistant next year.
consultant
con • sult • ant　n.（ pl. consultants） 顧問；諮詢
 Dr. Jamieson is the consultant psychologist at St. Andrew’s Hospital.
 He’s left his job as a computer programmer and is working as a consultant for a German firm.
deputy manager
dep • u • ty man • ag • er　n. ph.（ pl. deputy managers） 副理　
 Our company needs a deputy manager to handle administration.
 My father is a deputy manager at the bank.
executive
ex • ec • u • tive　n.（ pl. executives） 執行者；高級官員；經理
adj. 執行的；行政上的
 We were visited by a young, dynamic executive from a small computer company.
 She is a member of the party’s national executive committee.
vice president
vice pres • i • dent　n. ph. 副總統；副校長；副董事長（副會長）
 Anderson will be the vice president of operations for the company’s east region.
 Gerry Dicker was the vice president and the assistant secretary that year.

練習題庫內文選摘（節錄）
Unit 1 – Set 1
I. Match each word on the left with its definition on the right.
1. allowance
2. capable
3. bonus
4. coworker
5. employer
6. flexible
7. former
8. license
9. outstanding
10. occupy

A. to keep someone busy at an activity
B. someone who works with you
C. times in the past
D. extremely good or impressive
E. an amount of money that you receive regularly
F. extra money or benefit that you are paid
G. able to do something
H. able to make changes when necessary
I. an agency or a person that pays workers to work for them
J. an official document that gives someone permission to do something

II. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Note that two words in the box are not to be used.
A. acquire B. ambitious C. apply D. benefit E. errands
F. compensate G. competent H. debt I. devote J. efficient
K. employed L. celebrate

1. The insurance will ________ them for the damage to the house.
2. She is a good PR, very ________ at communicating.
3. How did you ________ your good knowledge of French?
4. Do remember to ________ for the grants before the deadline.
5. It will be to our mutual ________ to sign this memorandum.
6. He is careless with his money and often finds himself heavily in ________.
7. Mr. Smith decided to ________ the rest of his remaining life to charity work.
8. Mr. Lawrence was a very ________ manager and he could easily gather his team to complete the project in time.
9. Today is Joe’s birthday; let’s have a party to ________ it.
10. Her parents told her to aim high in life and be ________.

III. Choose a best answer to fill the blank in each sentence.
1. The test was designed to assess the students’ ________ in reading comprehension.
（A. ability B. benefit C. concern D. duty）
2. For your writing practice, please write a ________ of someone you know well.
（A. description B. debt C. deal D. deadline）
3. Job interviews are basically ________ for employment.
（A. candidate B. contests C. consultants D. career）
4. Please show your health ________ before you register for enrollment.
（A. apprentice B. certificate C. endurance D. income）
5. A certain German auto company plans to establish a factory in the area, and this would provide ________ for local people.
（A. enthusiasm B. errands C. employment D. effort）
6. Could you tell us how many ________ applied for the position?
（A. bosses B. salaries C. candidates D. portfolios）
7. The installment of the new equipment will help ________ the cost of production.
（A. employ B. obtain C. resign D. decrease）
8. CEO refers to Chief ________ Officer.
（A. Expert B. Experience C. Excellent D. Executive）
9. PDA in computing refers to Personal Digital ________.
（A. Assistant B. Ability C. Allowance D. Aggressive）
10. Bob’s secretary is very devoted and far more ________ than the rest of his division members.
（A. reliable B. executive C. incompetent D. applicable ）